Objective To understand the variability of oxidative stress and inflammation induced in lung tissue by exposure to different concentrations of mould aerosols. Methods Based on the level of mould contamination in the building environment，healthy BALB/C mice were exposed to 1 500，15 000 and 150 000 CFU/m³ concentration levels of mould aerosol respectively and 15 000 CFU/m³+vitamin E treatment group were introduced. At the end of the experiment，inflammatory and oxidative stress markers were measured in each group. Results Compared with the control group，8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine（8-OHdG），tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） levels significantly increased in 1 500 CFU/m³ group（P<0.01），and reactive oxygen species（ROS），malondialdehyde（MDA），8-OHdG，TNF-α，interleukin-4（IL-4） levels significantly increased in 15 000 CFU/m³ group（P<0.05，P<0.01，P<0.001，respectively），and glutathione（GSH） level decreased significantly（P<0.05）. ROS，MDA，TNF-α and IL-4 levels significantly increased in the 150 000 CFU/m³ group（P<0.05，P<0.01，P<0.001，respectively）. In 15 000 CFU/m³+vitamin E treatment group，ROS，MDA，and TNF-α levels decreased significantly after vitamin E treatment（P<0.05，P<0.001，respectively），and GSH levels increased significantly（P<0.05）. Conclusion Mould exposure may induce inflammation and oxidative damage in the lungs of mice，however，the responses may vary with different exposure concentrations，with the most significant effects observed at 15 000 CFU/m³. These findings suggest that mould-induced lung damage in asthma is not linearly correlated with exposure concentration.

Objective To understand the disease burden and its trends of lower respiratory infections（LRIs）attributable to particulate matter （PM） among children aged 0-14 in China during 1990-2021. Methods Utilizing data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021（GBD 2021），this study assessed the disease burden by using metrics including mortality rates，disability-adjusted life years（DALYs），years lived with disability（YLDs），years of life lost（YLLs） and the average annual percentage change（AAPC）. The trends of PM-attributable LRI disease burden among Chinese children aged 0-14 from 1990 to 2021 were analyzed. The Bayesian age-period-cohort（BAPC） model was employed to forecast the future disease burden. Results In 2021，the overall mortality rate，YLLs rate，DALYs rate and YLDs rate of PM-attributable LRIs among children aged 0-14 in China were 1.29 per 100 000，114.16 per 100 000，115.15 per 100 000，and 0.99 per 100 000，respectively. Compared with 1990，these rates decreased by 97.13%，97.14%，97.12% and 79.71%，respectively. From 1990 to 2021，the overall mortality rate，YLLs rate，DALYs rate and YLDs rate for PM-attributable LRIs in this population showed a declining trend，with AAPC of -11.06%（95%CI：-11.88% to -10.23%），-5.08%（95%CI：-5.18% to -4.98%），-11.05%（95%CI： -11.87% to -10.23%），and -5.08%（95%CI：-5.30% to -4.86%），respectively（P<0.001）. The disease burden was higher in boys than in girls，while the magnitude of decrease was greater in girls. Children under 1 bored the heaviest disease burden，while those aged 2-4 experienced the largest decline. BAPC prediction results indicated that by 2035，the age-standardized mortality rate，YLLs rate，DALYs rate and YLDs rate for PM-attributable LRIs among children aged 0-14 in China are projected to be 0.09 per 100 000，7.76 per 100 000，7.53 per 100 000 and 0.11 per 100 000，respectively. These represent decreases of 92.24%，92.41%，92.66% and 86.91% compared to 2022. Conclusion The disease burden of PM-attributable LRIs among children aged 0-14 in China showed a significant decreasing trend from 1990 to 2021 and is projected to continue declining from 2022 to 2035. Boys and children aged ≤1 year represent key populations for this disease burden，warranting targeted interventions and effective measures.

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases in Nankai District，Tianjin from 2020 to 2024，and to provide the evidence for formulating targeted prevention and control strategies. Methods The foodborne disease data reported by sentinel hospitals were collected to analyze the results of time，population，suspected food and sources，as well as etiological test results by descriptive epidemiological methods. Results A total of 6 301 cases were reported over the past 5 years，showed an upward trend（peaking in 2023 with 1 598 cases）. The high incidence period was concentrated from May to November，while the low incidence period was from January to February，exhibiting a bimodal distribution with peaks in July（13.51%） and November（12.20%）. The incidence rate among females（53.93%） was slightly higher than that among males. The group aged 65-74 had the highest number of cases（1 564 cases，24.82%），with people aged 55 and above accounting for 55.75%. There was a significant difference in gender incidence rates among different age groups（P<0.01）. The main occupational group affected was retired personnel，with a total of 2 743 cases（43.53% of the total），followed by key focus groups such as students，with a total of 405 cases（6.43% of the total）. In terms of the places where the illness occurred，home-made food（58.59%） was the main source，followed by commercial food，accounting for 40.81%. Suspected foods mainly came from grains and their products（1 149 cases，18.22%），mixed foods（1 007 cases，15.97%），and meat and meat products（943 cases，14.96%）. The pathogenic microorganisms were mainly Salmonella（46.34%） and Norovirus（34.15%）. Conclusion The surveillance data from 2020 to 2024 indicate that foodborne disease incidence in Nankai District，Tianjin showed a sustained upward trend with distinct seasonal characteristics，forming two incidence peaks in summer and early winter. Elder populations and homemade food were identified as the major risk factors.

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of norovirus infections in Binhai New Area，Tianjin from 2018 to 2024，and establish a risk prediction model to provide a scientific basis for the prevention，control and prediction of norovirus outbreaks in the future. Methods The relevant data on norovirus gastroenteritis cases in Binhai New Area，Tianjin from 2018 to 2024 were collected，an ARIMA model was established to predict the norovirus epidemic trend in 2025. Results From 2018 to 2024，a total of 947 suspected cases of norovirus gastroenteritis were reported in Binhai New Area. Among them，172 cases were confirmed. The predominant genotype was GⅡ（68.75%）. Joinpoint regression analysis indicated that the overall incidence showed an upward trend（Annual Percent Change=18.87%，P<0.01）. The incidence presented a bimodal seasonal distribution，with epidemic peaks in May and from September to November each year（seasonal index>1）. The male-to-female ratio of incidence was 1.35∶1，without significant difference（P>0.05）. The affected population mainly consisted of children，adolescents and the elderly over 60（58.61%）. A positive correlation was found between the incidence of norovirus gastroenteritis and the positive detection rate of norovirus in commercially available food（Spearman correlation coefficient =0.350，P<0.05）. The predominant genotype of norovirus in food was GⅡ（59.09%）. A total of 35 outbreaks of norovirus gastroenteritis were reported，with GⅡ being the dominant genotype（62.86%）. The main source of infection was contagious（77.14%）. The ARIMA model was fitted to predict that the number of norovirus infection cases in 2025 would be basically the same as that in 2024（Ljung-Box Q=22.85，P=0.12）. Conclusion From 2018 to 2024，the incidence of norovirus gastroenteritis in Binhai New Area showed an upward trend. Scattered children were the main affected population，and kindergartens and nurseries were the primary outbreak sites. GⅡ was the dominant genotype of norovirus. Conclusion efforts are needed to strengthen monitoring，food supervision and health education to prevent the occurrence of epidemic outbreaks.

Objective To investigate the application of a combined quality management circle（PDCA）pain management model in the operating room for the elderly patients with hip surgery. Methods A retrospective study was conducted in 155 elderly patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty at Zhuji Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021 as the research subjects，and they were divided into control group and observation group according to different treatment methods and management modes adopted by the patients，of which 81 patients in the control group took routine operating room nursing mode in the whole year of 2020. The observation group consisted of 74 patients who took the pain nursing mode based on the quality control circle operating room in 2021. The nursing quality score，operation related situation，bone mineral density value complications and compliance rate were compared between the two groups. Results The nursing quality scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group（P<0.05）. The intraoperative blood loss in the observation group was slightly lower than that in the control group（P>0.05），and the operation time in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group（P<0.05）. The stress response of the two groups was significantly increased 30 min before anesthesia induction，but the increase of the observation group was significantly lower，and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）. After treatment，BMD levels of femoral greater trochanter and femoral neck in observation group were significantly better compared with the control group（P<0.05）. The total incidence of complications in the observation group was 2.70%（2/74），including restfulness in the wake period in 1 case，nausea and vomiting in 1 case，which was significantly lower than that in the control group [14.82%（12/81）]（P<0.05），including hypothermia in 3 cases，chills in 2 cases，restfulness in the wake period in 5 cases，nausea and vomiting in 2 cases. The compliance rate of observation group（97.30%） was significantly higher than that of control group（86.42%）（P<0.05）. Conclusion The operating room management mode based on the concept of parecoxib sodium combined with quality control circle can be applied to the operating room nursing of elderly patients with artificial hip replacement，which can continuously improve the quality of nursing，shorten the operation time，enhance the level of bone mineral density and increase the compliance rate.

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics，diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis C cases in Hexi District，Tianjin，from 2014 to 2024，and to provide scientific data for the development of related prevention and control strategies. Methods The data of hepatitis C cases in Hexi District were collected through China Information System For Disease Control and Prevention and case follow-up，and the epidemiological characteristics and diagnosis and treatment trends were described. SPSS 19.0 and Joinpoint 4.3.1.0 were used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 787 cases of hepatitis C were reported in Hexi District from 2014-2024，with 405 males and 382 females，and the male-to-female ratio was 1.06∶1，with an overall increasing trend in the reported incidence rate（APC was 18.81，P<0.05）. The onset of the disease was not clearly seasonal. There were no reported cases aged under 20，and the composition ratio of the age group of 40-59 years declined year by year，from 45.83% in 2014 to 24.76% in 2024，while the proportion of the age group of ≥60 years increased year by year，from 41.67% in 2014 to 58.10% in 2024. Occupational distribution was dominated by retired persons and domestic and non-engaged workers. The top three in terms of regional distribution were Tianta Street，Donghai Street and Youyi Road Street. 736 of the reported cases in 2014-2024 had been tested for HCV RNA，accounting for 93.53% of the total number of reported cases，and the proportion of HCV RNA testing was increasing year by year，611 cases（77.64%） were treated with antiviral therapy，and the annual treatment ratio was stabilized at more than 80% after 2020. Conclusion The incidence of hepatitis C in Hexi District is increasing year by year. It is necessary to strengthen screening and treatment for high-risk groups（male，≥40 years old，retirees） and key areas， and the implement actions to eliminate public health hazards of hepatitis C.

Objective Based on the data from a district in Guangzhou，this study aimed to explore the effects of atmospheric pollutant nitrogen dioxide（NO₂） on residents’ daily total mortality and cardio-cerebrovascular mortality. Methods Daily data on atmospheric pollutants，meteorological conditions，total daily mortality and cardio-cerebrovascular mortality in a district of Guangzhou from January 1，2021 to May 1，2024 were collected. Generalized additive models（GAM） were used for time-series analysis to investigate the single-day lag and cumulative average lag effects of daily average NO₂ concentration on total daily mortality and cardio-cerebrovascular mortality. Subgroup analyses were conducted by age，gender and season. Results The daily average concentration of atmospheric pollutant NO₂ in the district was 34.93 μg/m³. NO₂ had significant effects on all-cause mortality at single-day lag 1（lag1） and cumulative lags 1 and 2 days（lag01，lag02）（all P<0.05）. Under lag02 condition，for every 10 μg/m³ increase in NO₂ concentration，the total number of resident deaths increased by 2.63%（95%CI：0.03%-5.31%）. Among the population aged over 65，the excess deaths of total mortality and cardio-cerebrovascular mortality increased by 3.27%（95%CI：0.10%-6.55%） and 4.57%（95%CI：0.10%-9.23%），respectively. At lag1，the excess total deaths were 3.54%（95%CI：1.06%-6.08%） in the male population and 3.34%（95%CI：0.41%-6.36%） in the general population during the cold season（April 1 to October 30）. Conclusion Atmospheric pollutant NO₂ may increase the risk of resident mortality with a lag effect in the investigated area.

Objective To understand the correlation between air pollutant concentration and acute tonsillitis（AT） in children in Wenzhou area，and the effect of air quality on this disease in this area. Methods The clinical data of children diagnosed with AT in outpatient and emergency departments of hospitals in Wenzhou area were collected from January 2024 to December 2024，and the air pollutant concentration and the air quality index（AQI） in Wenzhou area were also collected in the same time. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between each pollutant and the number of AT patients. Results A total of 1 024 children with AT were included in 2024. The distribution of the number of patients in different months showed that the number of AT patients showed an upward trend from August 2024 to December 2024，and peaked in December. The distribution of the number of patients in different age groups suggested the number of patients aged 0-4 years was increased with age，and the number of patients aged 5-14 years was decreased with age. AQI revealed that the air quality in Wenzhou area was polluted to varying degrees，with the worst air quality in winter and good air quality in summer. Spearman correlation indicated that PM_2.5，PM₁₀，SO₂，NO₂，CO and AQI were positively correlated with the number of AT patients（r_s=0.226，0.193，0.238，0.148，0.130 and 0.190 respectively，all P<0.05），and O₃ was negatively correlated with the number of AT patients（r_s=-0.167，P<0.05），and the largest correlation coefficient was SO₂. Taking the number of patients as the dependent variable，linear regression model was used to analyze the effects of season，temperature difference，humidity，wind speed and air pollution index on the number of AT patients，and it was found that PM_2.5（P=0.030），SO₂（P=0.043） and temperature difference（P<0.001） had significant effects on the number of AT patients. Conclusion The number of AT patients in Wenzhou is correlated with PM_2.5，SO₂ and temperature difference，and more attention should be paid to the effects of air pollutants and meteorological factors on acute tonsillitis.

Objective To understand the influence of continuous guidance based on the national health belief model on the self-management ability and quality of life of obese type 2 diabetes（T2DM） patients. Methods From May 2023 to June 2024，120 T2DM patients with combined obesity were enrolled and randomly divided into a control group and an observation group，with 60 cases in each group，according to the principle of random number table. They were given routine continuous nursing（control group） and continuous nursing mode based on the national health belief model added on the basis of routine care. The compliance，nursing satisfaction，blood sugar level，diabetes complication rate and readmission rate during follow-up，self-management ability，quality of life scores and adverse events were compared between the two groups. Results After the intervention，compared with the control（the treatment adherence score 40.88±3.74），in the observation group it was significantly lower（23.77±3.38）（P<0.05），and the blood glucose level was also significantly lower（P<0.05）. The complication rate（11.67%），readmission rate（18.33%） and adverse event rate（16.67%） in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group（1.67%，5.00% and 3.33% respectively，all P<0.05）. After the intervention，the self-management ability and quality of life in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group（P<0.05）. The nursing satisfaction rate in the observation group（96.67%） was significantly higher than that in the control group（80.00%）（P<0.05）. Conclusion Continuity guidance based on the national health belief model can effectively improve treatment compliance and self-management ability of obese T2DM patients，improve blood glucose levels，reduce the incidence of complications，readmission and adverse events，and enhance nursing satisfaction and quality of life.

Objective To know the content and variation characteristics of secondary water-soluble ions in PM_2.5 of Hangzhou West Lake Scenic Area. Methods The monitoring data of PM_2.5 and water-soluble ions in 2023 were analyzed to explore the variation rules of secondary ions under different seasons，time periods and pollution levels. Results The secondary ions accounted for 60.9% of PM_2.5 in 2023，with NO₃^- had the highest proportion（30.9%）. In terms of seasonal variation，NO₃^- was the most abundant water-soluble ion in winter，spring and autumn，while SO₄^2- had the highest proportion in summer. The Nitrate Oxidation Ratio（NOR） and Sulfate Oxidation Ratio（SOR）were all greater than 0.1 in four seasons. The neutralization of anions and cations was sufficient in different seasons，making PM_2.5 overall neutral. The secondary ions mainly existed in the forms of（NH₄）₂SO₄ and NH₄NO₃. Affected by meteorological factors such as atmospheric relative humidity，the concentration of NO₃^- varied significantly among different time periods in spring and autumn，which was consistent with the variation trend of PM_2.5. Conclusion The concentration of atmospheric particulate matter in Hangzhou West Lake Scenic Area is significantly affected by the secondary water-soluble ions，especially NO₃^-. With the increase of PM_2.5 concentration， the concentration of NO₃^- grows the fastest.

Objective To understand the characteristics and trends of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease mortality among residents in Yuyao City from 2015 to 2024，and to provide the scientific data for developing appropriate prevention and control measures and carrying out targeted intervention work. Methods The data of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease death cases in Yuyao City from 2015 to 2024 were collected，the descriptive epidemiological methods was used to calculate composition ratio，crude mortality rate（CMR），standardized mortality rate（SMR），premature death probability，potential years of life loss（PYLL），average years of life loss（AYLL），potential years of life loss rate（PYLLR） and other indicators，and fitted linear regression was used to calculate the average annual percentage change（AAPC） to analyze the trend of mortality. The impact of population aging and non demographic factors on the difference in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease mortality during 2015-2024 in Yuyao City was calculated by using the mortality differential decomposition method. Results From 2015 to 2024，Yuyao City reported 17 131 deaths from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases，the CMR increased from 142.60/100 000 to 231.00/100 000（P<0.01）. The SMR were 77.00/100 000 to 104.54/100 000，with no significant trend of change（P=0.691）. The CMR and SMR of males were higher than those of females（P<0.001，P<0.01）. The top three causes of death were cerebrovascular disease（50.15%），hypertension（29.87%） and ischemic heart disease（13.85%）. The mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases showed an increasing trend with age（P<0.001），and the median age of death in males was younger than that in females（P<0.001）. The mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the central urban streets of Yuyao was relatively low. The probability of premature death from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the entire population ranged from 1.60% to 1.95%，without significant trend change（P=0.385）. The mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in the entire population was 6 394.50 person years to 8 573.50 person years for PYLL，11.57 person years to 13.43 person years for AYLL，and 7.97‰ to 10.78‰ for PYLLR. There was no significant trend in PYLLR changes（P=0.161）. Males’ PYLL，AYLL，and PYLLR were all higher than females’. The difference in mortality rates of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases during 2015-2024 in Yuyao City was 63.38% due to the influence of population aging and 36.62% due to changes in non demographic factors. Conclusion The death of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases causes significant loss of life expectancy among residents in Yuyao City. Targeted prevention and control work should be carried out targeting males and the elderly，with cerebrovascular disease，hypertension and ischemic heart disease as the main diseases. At the same time，more attention should be paid to the efffect of aging on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease deaths in Yuyao City.

Objective To understand the correlation of allergic rhinitis with air pollution and the risk factors for allergic rhinitis（AR） in Lishui，Zhejiang province，so as to guide the clinical prevention and treatment of AR patients. Methods 1 058 patients with AR who were first treated in the department of otorhinolaryngology of various hospitals in Lishui area were collected and analyzed from December 2023 to November 2024. Non-AR patients who first came to the department of otorhinolaryngology of hospitals were chosen according to the 1∶1 matching. With age（difference within 3 years） and gender as matching variables，logistic regression analysis was adopted to analyze the risk factors of AR. Results 1 058 patients with AR were treated for the first time. April and September were the peak periods of symptoms in patients with AR. The factors inducing AR mainly included dust，cold air，pollen and dust mites，etc. Univariate logistic regression analysis suggested that active/passive smoking，frequency of mattress drying，outdoor time>1 h，frequent exposure to dust，and history of pollen allergy were related to the occurrence of AR. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that active/passive smoking [OR（95%CI）：1.18（1.09-1.28）]，mattress drying once a month [OR（95%CI）：2.43（1.16-5.07）]，frequent exposure to dust [OR（95%CI）：3.81（1.49-9.78）]，and pollen allergy history [OR（95%CI）：2.91（1.12-7.62）] were independent influencing factors of AR occurrence（P<0.05）. Spearman analysis found that PM_2.5，PM₁₀ and SO₂ were positively correlated with the number of AR cases（r_s=0.634，0.589 and 0.595 respectively，P<0.05），while NO₂，O₃ and CO were not significantly associated with the number of AR cases（r_s=0.431，0.224 and -0.045 respectively，P>0.05）. Conclusion The occurrence of AR in Lishui area is closely related to internal and external environmental factors such as active or passive smoking，frequency of mattress drying，frequent exposure to dust，pollen allergy，PM_2.5，PM₁₀ and SO₂. It is necessary to pay more attention to the above factors and formulate a comprehensive environmental control plan to reduce the occurrence of AR.

Objective To understand the characteristics of endotoxin in PM_2.5 collected in the indoor air in a residential house and a college office. Methods The PM_2.5 samples were collected at the indoor of a residential house and a college office in Suzhou between the 10th and 16th of each month from January to December 2019，and the concentrations of endotoxin in PM_2.5 were measured. Results The concentrations of endotoxin in the indoor PM_2.5 collected from residential house and college office were 11.217 4 EU/mg and 24.105 7 EU/mg respectively，the endotoxin concentrations in the indoor PM_2.5 of college office were significantly higher compared with residential house（P<0.01）. The highest levels of endotoxin content in PM_2.5 of residential house and college office presented in summer and autumn respectively. Conclusion Endotoxin were detected in indoor PM_2.5 collected from residential house and a college office，further evaluation of its potential health risk should be concerned.

Objective To understand the correlation between platelet aggregation rate in the basal state and microcirculatory resistance in non-stenotic coronary arteries in patients with coronary artery disease with ejection fraction ≤35%. Methods The clinical data of 105 patients with coronary heart disease（EF≤35%） admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to May 2025 were collected. There were 61 male patients and 44 female patients，with an average age of 62.19±9.82 years. According to the mean value of non-stenotic coronary artery microcirculation resistance（IMR=36.1），IMR<36.1 was classified as the low IMR group（n=50），and IMR>36.1 as the high IMR group（n=55）. 45 healthy individuals during the same period were chosen as the control group. The local weighted regression scatter smoothing method（LOWESS） was used to analyze the two-dimensional curve relationship of continuous variables. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of non-stenotic coronary IMR in patients with coronary heart disease. The weighted generalized additive model and smooth curve fitting were further used to explore the nonlinear relationship between platelet aggregation rate and vascular endothelial function indicators [nitric oxide（NO），endothelin-1（ET-1），thromboxane B₂（TXB₂）]. The influence of platelet aggregation rate and vascular endothelial function indicators on non-stenotic coronary artery IMR in patients with coronary heart disease was analyzed. The Hayes Process analysis program was used to analyze the mediating mechanism of vascular endothelial function indicators between platelet aggregation rate and non-stenotic coronary artery IMR in patients with coronary heart disease. Results Gender，age，diabetes，hypertension，hyperlipidemia and blood pressure differed significantly among control，low IMR and high IMR groups（P<0.05）. There were significant differences in platelet aggregation rate，IMR and vascular endothelial function indicators [nitric oxide（NO），endothelin-1（ET-1），thromboxane B₂（TXB₂）] among the control group，low IMR group and high IMR group（all P<0.001），and with the increase of IMR，platelet aggregation rate and ET-1，TXB₂ levels increased，while NO levels decreased. LOWESS analysis showed that there was a certain nonlinear relationship between vascular endothelial function indicators and platelet aggregation rate，and platelet aggregation rate was positively correlated with ET-1 and TXB₂（P<0.05），and negatively correlated with NO（P<0.05）. Logistic regression analysis showed that gender，age，diabetes，hypertension，hyperlipidemia，systolic blood pressure，diastolic blood pressure，platelet aggregation rate，NO，ET-1，TXB₂ were the risk factors for non-stenotic coronary IMR in patients with coronary heart disease（P<0.05）. There was a U-shaped relationship between platelet aggregation rate and IMR of non-stenotic coronary arteries，with the inflection point at 52.50%. With the increase of platelet aggregation rate and vascular endothelial function indicators levels，IMR values significantly increased（P<0.05）. The main effects of vascular endothelial function indicators（NO，ET-1，and TXB₂），the main effect of platelet aggregation rate，and their interaction effect were all statistically significant（P<0.05）. The mediating effect showed that vascular endothelial function indicators had a significant mediating regulatory effect between platelet aggregation rate and non-stenotic coronary artery IMR in patients with coronary heart disease（P<0.05）. Conclusion In the basal state，platelet aggregation rate is correlated with non-stenotic coronary artery IMR in patients with EF≤35% of coronary heart disease，and platelet aggregation rate is a risk factor for non-stenotic coronary IMR. At the same time，vascular endothelial function indicators have a significant mediating regulatory effect in the relationship between them.

Objective To develop a method for the determination of glucose，sucrose and fructose in human exhaled breath by non-invasive condensation collection coupled with ion chromatography. Methods A self-designed exhaled breath condensation device was constructed，through which human exhaled breath was condensed and collected. The glucose，sucrose and fructose in collected human exhaled breath condensate（EBC） was analyzed by ion chromatography with a pulsed amperometric detection. The standard EBC collection method was established，and the key factors such as cooling temperature and sampling flow rate during condensation collection were investigated. Further more，EBC from healthy people and diabetic patients were collected. Results In healthy volunteers，only glucose was detected in the breath at fasting，with a concentration of 0.11 to 0.36 ng/L. The breath glucose，sucrose and fructose level in healthy volunteers after eating at 1 h，2 h and 4 h were 0.15-0.86，0-1.17 and 0-0.31 ng/L respectively. The concentration of glucose，sucrose and fructose in human exhaled breath of diabetic patients 1 h after a meal were 10-100 times higher than that of healthy subjects. Conclusion This method is non-invasive，reproducible. It can be used as a detection method for measuring glucose，sucrose and fructose in human exhaled breath.

Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of airborne pollen concentration and the effect of meteorological conditions in Fuzhou，and to predict the pollen concentration in high-value areas. Methods Using the airborne pollen monitoring data from Fuzhou City for 2023-2024 and matching it with the weather conditions and meteorological elements during the same period，this study applied the methods such as correlation analysis，standardized normalization and meteorological diagnosis to analyze the characteristics of pollen species，sources and concentration changes as well as the effect of meteorological conditions on airborne pollen concentration. Based on these analyses，the study also made predictions regarding pollen concentration. Results The seasonal distribution characteristics of airborne pollen concentration in Fuzhou were evident，with the peak occurring in March to April each year，reached up to 1 856.73 grains/m³. The pollen pollution risk level 59.0% was concentrated in the high to extremely high range，primarily consisting of species from the Moraceae and Pinaceae families which accounted for 86.5% of total pollen. The secondary peak occured in September to October，with the highest daily pollen concentration reached 415.95 grains/m³，and the pollen pollution risk level 50.8% was concentrated in the high range. The main species included Euphorbia（Asteraceae），Moraceae，and Poaceae which accounted for 88.1% of total pollen. From March to May 2024，the daily pollen concentration showed a unimodal pattern，with the highest peak occurred at 14∶00，and daytime concentrations being higher than nighttime. The results of multivariate fitting for high-pollen periods using key meteorological elements indicated that the overall fit for pollen concentration was good，but the peak was relatively low. In March to April，daily maximum temperature，daily average temperature，and sunshine duration are the main factors affecting changes in pollen concentration. From September to October，relative humidity，daily minimum temperature and daily average temperature were the main influencing factors for the pollen concentration. Pre-front warm sector in spring，the subtropical high pressure system and the influence of typhoons in autumn，pollen concentrations tend to be abnormally high under these three weather conditions. The results of multiple fitting of pollen high value period showed that the overall fitting effect was good，but the peak fitting was low. Conclusion This study analyzed the pollen concentration distribution characteristics in Fuzhou City through pollen observation，confirming the feasibility of predicting high-value area pollen concentrations by studying the impact of meteorological conditions on pollen. It provides recommendations for travel and protective measures for people with pollen allergy susceptibility，and lays the foundation for further research on the risk of illness in allergic susceptible populations due to pollen and meteorological conditions.

Objective To establish a method for the determination of 22 kinds of TVOCs in the air by thermal desorption-gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry（TD-GC-HRMS）. Methods In March 2025，the air samples were collected from 40 points in the living rooms and bedrooms of 20 residential houses by using Tenax tubes. The thermal desorption conditions，gas chromatography separation conditions and high-resolution mass spectrometry（HRMS） in Scan mode（resolution 60 000） were set. After preparing the standard adsorption tubes to make the standard curve，the collected samples were analyzed. The results were evaluated according to the “Indoor Air Quality Standard”（GB/T 18883-2022）. Results With a sampling volume of 22.5 L，the 22 target compounds showed good linear relationships in the range of 0.11 to 17.8 μg/m³，with correlation coefficients all above 0.998. The limits of quantification were between 0.02 and 0.25 μg/m³. The recovery rates of the 22 compounds were 60.0% to 132.0%，and the RSDs were 2.6% to 23.7%. The recovery rates and precisions were good. The TVOC contents in the living rooms and bedrooms of 20 residential houses in Suzhou City were 11.70 to 107.40 μg/m³ and 19.90 to 126.80 μg/m³，respectively，and no significant difference was seen between the two sites（P>0.05）. Conclusion This detection method is highly accurate and convenient to operate，and is applicable to the quantitative determination of TVOCs in indoor air. HRMS is more conducive to the qualitative analysis of TVOCs.

Objective To know the influencing factors and distribution characteristics of brain injury after acute carbon monoxide poisoning by using latent category analysis method. Methods A total of 102 patients with acute carbon monoxide poisoning admitted to Jinhua Central Hospital were chosen as the research subjects. These patients were divided into the brain injury group（37 cases） and the non-brain injury group（65 cases） based on whether they suffered from brain damage after poisoning，and the general information of the two groups was compared. The risk factors for the occurrence of brain injury after acute carbon monoxide poisoning were analyzed. Cluster analysis was used to divide the patients into high-risk and low-risk groups for brain injury occurrence based on different levels of specific central nervous system proteins（S100β）. The differences in the distribution characteristics of influencing factors between the two groups were compared. Results There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of poisoning severity，poisoning duration，coma duration，time of initiating hyperbaric oxygen（HBO） treatment，Glasgow Coma Scale（GCS） score，use of mechanical ventilation，metabolic acidosis，myocardial injury，ischemic electrocardiogram changes，typical brain computed tomography（CT）changes，neuron-specific enolase（NSE） and S100β levels（P<0.05）. Severe poisoning，poisoning duration ≥5.52 hours，coma duration ≥10.91 hours，time of initiating HBO treatment ≥16.89 hours，GCS≤5 points，myocardial injury，NSE ≥14.82 μg/L and S100β ≥156.45 μg/L were all independent risk factors for the occurrence of brain injury after acute carbon monoxide poisoning（P<0.05）. The probability of brain injury occurrence in the high-risk group（74.42%） was significantly higher than that in the low-risk group（8.47%）（P<0.05）. The proportion of “multiple risk factor distribution” in the high-risk group of brain injury occurrence（69.77%） was higher than that in the low-risk group（32.20%），while the proportion of “fewer risk factor distribution” in the high-risk group（30.23%） was lower than that in the low-risk group（67.80%）（P<0.05）. Conclusion Severe poisoning，poisoning duration ≥5.52 hours，coma duration ≥10.91 hours，initiation of HBO treatment ≥16.89 hours，GCS≤5 points，myocardial injury，NSE ≥14.82 μg/L and S100β ≥156.45 μg/L are all independent risk factors for the occurrence of brain injury after acute carbon monoxide poisoning. The distribution characteristics of the influencing factors of brain injury occurrence in the high-risk group and the low-risk group of patients are significantly different.